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The incidence of systemic and renal candidiasis has increased with the improved survival of preterm infants, widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, intravascular catheters and total parenteral nutrition.
A one day old boy was admitted to the hospital because of prematurity. His general condition deteriorated with hypoglysemic attacks and hematemesis on the third day. He was treated with broad spectrum antibiotics. Three days after the cessation of treatment the left kidney was 4-5 cm palpable. Candida albicans i>105 colonies per cc) was detected in three consecutive urine samples. Dilatation of the collecting system including echodense material inside was found in the left kidney by abdominal ultrasonography. He was diagnosed as renal candidiasis (candidial bezoar) and was started on intravenous fluconasole (3 mglkglday) therapy. On the 7 th day of therapy his kidney was not palpable, ultrasonographic findings were normal and urine culture was free from Candida. His clinical condition and renal functions, also demonstrated by Tc99 - DMSA renal scanning were normal
In this case report, we want to emphasize the importance of early treatment in Candida infection when the typical ultrasonographic findings are demonstrated and supported by urine and blood culture.