A Rare Cause of Hematuria: Congenital Renal Arteriovenous Malformation

Renal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare disorder. The diagnosis of the disease is difficult unless it is symptomatic. The most common clinical presentation is hematuria. Hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac failure, and abdominal and/or lumbar pain are other clinical signs of renal AVM. Here we presented an interesting case of a patient with congenital renal AVM who was admitted to our hospital with massive hematuria and was treated with catheter embolization. Renal ultrasonography of the patient demonstrated hematoma in the urinary bladder and solid hyperechoic nodular cortical masses within the right kidney. In contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen, mild hydronephrosis and approximately 2-cm-diameter saccular aneurysm associated with segmental arteries were revealed in the lower pole of the right kidney. Right renal arteriography showed a large cirsoid-type renal AVM with aneurysm in the lower pole of the kidney. Renal artery embolization was performed in the patient. At follow-up, no recurrence of hematuria was observed. Congenital renal AVM is one of the rare causes of hematuria, and it should be kept in mind that it may lead to macroscopic hematuria. Renal artery embolization can be considered as a safe and effective treatment for renal AVM.

Cite this article as: Erdoğmuş Ş, Altınbaş NK, Kutlay S, Ertürk Ş, Şengül Ş. A Rare Cause of Hematuria: Congenital Renal Arteriovenous Malformation. Turk J Nephrol 2020; 29(4): 329-31.