End stage kidney disease is an important health issue worldwide. Some risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and the presence of glomerulonephritis can lead to progression towards end stage disease. There are many nutritional and medical therapies suggested to slow down the disease progression. Adequate water intake can decrease the risk of developing a spectrum of disorders from colorectal cancer to cardiovascular diseases with its protective effect shown by several studies. In this review, we aimed to discuss the data published about the protective and therapeutic effects of adequate water intake on the kidney and kidney diseases.