Octreotide May Prevent Ultrafiltration Failure in Experimental Peritonitis Model

OBJECTIVE: Ultrafiltration (UF) failure is a frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis peritonitis. Octreotide (OCT) has antiproliferative effects on many cells. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of OCT (administered locally or systemically) on peritoneal alterations induced by bacterial peritonitis.

MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty-two non-uremic female rats, weighing 160-180 g, were divided into four groups receiving no treatment (Control, n=12), peritonitis group (received 1.5 ml suspension of E. coli (107 CFU/ml) (E.coli, n=12)), and two treatment groups that received E.coli + 50 mcg/kg OCT (local OCT, n=10) intraperitoneally (IP) and (systemic OCT, n=8) subcutaneously. After six hours, a one-hour PET was performed with 20 ml 3.86% PD solution; the D1/D0 glucose, UF volume, dialysate cell count, dialysate protein, TGF-β1 , VEGF and IL-1β levels were determined.

RESULTS: Exposure to E. coli causes bacterial peritonitis with increase in peritoneal permeability leading to rapid dissipation of the glucose gradient and UF failure. IP administration of OCT led to attenuation of UF failure by inhibiting local TGF-β1 production. Both local and systemic administration of OCT decreased dialysate cell count and maintained UF.

CONCLUSION: Local or systemic OCT administration may help to preserve peritoneal viability and UF capacity by inhibiting cell infiltration to the peritoneal cavity and decreasing dialysate cell count during peritonitis. In the long-term, it can decrease peritoneal fibrosis.