Mild Encephalopathy with a Reversible Corpus Callosum Splenium Lesion Associated with Acute Focal Bacterial Nephritis in a Boy

Acute focal bacterial nephritis is a localized, nonliquefied bacterial inflammatory kidney mass affecting one or more lobes of the kidney. It is a midpoint between pyelonephritis and the formation of a kidney abscess. Mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion is identified by a temporary diffusion restriction in the selenium of the corpus callosum in magnetic resonance imaging. Neurological symptoms sometimes seen in mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion include changes in consciousness, behavioral changes, and seizures. Many infectious agents, particularly viruses, may be associated with the diagnosis. In recent years, the association between mild encephalopathy and a reversible splenial lesion has been described in some cases with acute focal bacterial nephritis. We present a case of a 9-year-old pediatric patient admitted to the pediatric emergency department with fever and seizures. Even though his urine sample revealed normal findings, he had higher levels of acute-phase reactants. With the aid of the computerized tomography and the magnetic resonance imaging scan, he was diagnosed with mild encephalopathy with reversible corpus callosum splenium lesion associated with acute focal bacterial nephritis. After appropriate treatment, he was discharged home successfully. As a conclusion, mild encephalopathy with reversible corpus callosum splenium lesion should be kept in mind for patients with neurological signs or symptoms accompanied by acute focal bacterial nephritis.

Cite this article as: Elibol P, Erfidan G, Çiçek A, et al. Mild encephalopathy with a reversible corpus callosum splenium lesion associated with acute focal bacterial nephritis in a boy. Turk J Nephrol. 2022;31(3):261-264.